Hernias

What is an abdominal wall hernia?

An abdominal wall hernia is an abnormal bulge of an internal organ or fat through a weakened area (defect) in the muscles of the abdominal wall. This can be caused by heavy lifting, coughing, constipation or pregnancy and is more common in males, older or obese patients, smokers and patients who have had a hernia repair or other abdominal surgery in the past. Once a hernia has occurred, it will not go away on its own and is likely to get larger with time.

What are the different types of abdominal wall hernias?

Inguinal hernia

This is the most common type of hernia and is located in the groin. Men are much more likely to have inguinal hernias than women, as they have a potential weak spot where the spermatic cord travels through the abdominal wall muscles towards the scrotum.

Femoral hernia

These hernias are also located in the groin, but lower (closer to the thigh) than inguinal hernias. Femoral hernias are more common in women than men and can be prone to complications due to the tight nature of the hernia opening.

Umbilical hernia

Umbilical hernias occur in or around the belly button (umbilicus) and can be present from birth. Depending on the size of the hernia, it can contain fat or bowel. Umbilical hernias are common and can be associated with pregnancy and obesity.

Incisional hernia

Incisional hernias develop where an incision has been made at a previous abdominal operation. After abdominal surgery, the site of repair will always be structurally weaker. Incisional hernias most commonly occur after open surgery, but they can also arise from a port site incision associated with keyhole surgery.

What are the symptoms of a hernia?

The symptoms of a hernia can vary depending on the location and size, but may include:

• A visible lump or bulge, that may or may not be able to be pushed back inside the abdomen

• A heavy, dragging sensation in the abdomen

• Pain or aching, especially when lifting heavy objects

If there are complications of the hernia, the following symptoms may be present:

• Nausea or vomiting, in case of an intestinal obstruction

• Severe pain, swelling or redness of the area, in case of a strangulated hernia (when the blood supply to the hernia content has been cut off)

Do I need surgery for my hernia?

All hernias carry a small risk of complications if they are left untreated, such as strangulation (lack of blood supply to the hernia content) or obstruction (blockage of the hernia content). Usually, at the start of the hernia (when the hernia is smaller), the hernia contains fat. However, as the hernia enlarges over time, it may start containing bowel or other organs. If you develop complications of your hernia, you will need emergency surgery to fix it.

Hernia repair is one of the most common surgeries performed in Australia and Dr Bell offers both laparoscopic (keyhole) and open hernia surgery. At your appointment, Dr Bell will be able to fully assess your hernia, advise you of your available treatment options and help you decide which procedure is best for you.